# 论文格式排版你真的做对了吗? 常用格式及其LaTeX书写方法介绍

## 基本符号

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a statistical procedure that \ldots

machine', learning''.

daughter-in-law, pages 13--67, yes --- or no?, $-1$.

PCA is the simplest of the true \emph{eigenvector}-based multivariate analyses.

The MNIST dataset contains 60,000 images \ldots

\ldots, as illustrated in Figure~1. \\\ldots, as shown in Figure~2. \\

As Figure~3 illustrates, \ldots \\

Figure~4 shows \ldots \\

Table~1 summarizes \ldots \\\ldots will be discussed in Section~1. \\\ldots, as described in Section~2.

LaTeX 自身只提供最基本的数学符号和环境, 因此我们在需要书写数学公式时, 通常在引言区导入 amsmath 包:

\usepackage{amsmath}

## 数学符号

\usepackage{amssymb}$\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{N}$.

$\binom{n}{k}$.

$\{x \mid x \ge 0.\}$. % Note "\mid" instead of "|"

$x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n$, $x_1 + x_2 + \cdots + x_n$.

x^\star = \mathop{\arg\min}_x (x-1)^2 \,.

$f\colon A \mapsto B$.

\usepackage{bm}$\bf{A}, \bf{\Omega}, \bm{x}, \bm{\mu}$.

$\boldsymbol{A}, \boldsymbol{\Omega}, \boldsymbol{x}, \boldsymbol{\mu}$.

$\vec x, \vec \mu$.

\begin{bmatrix}

a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\

a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\

\vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\

a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn} \\

\end{bmatrix}

## 数学公式中的直立体

$m = 50\,\mathrm{kg}, V = 150\,\mathrm{m}^3$. % Note "\,"

$\int_1^2 \log x \, \mathrm{d} x$. % Note "\,"

$\boldsymbol x^{\mathrm{T}}$.

$\sin(x), \exp(x)$.

\DeclareMathOperator{\sign}{sign}

$\sign(x)$.

## 公式标点与标号

% Equation with numbering

e^{i\pi} = -1

\begin{equation*} % Equation without numbering

a^2 + b^2 = c^2

\end{equation*}

$% Equation with numbering a^2 + b^2 = c^2$

Einstein introduced his formula

E = m \cdot c^2 \,, % Note "\,,"

which is at the same time the most widely known and the least well understood

physical formula.

\ldots from which follows Kirchhoff's current law:

\sum_{k=1}^n I_k = 0 \,. % Note "\,."

I_D = I_F - I_R % No break

is the core of a very different transistor model.

\usepackage[retainorgcmds]{IEEEtrantools}

\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{rCl}

a &=& b + c \\

&=& d + e \\

&=& f + g \,. \IEEEyesnumber \\

\end{IEEEeqnarray*}

|x| =

\begin{cases}

-x & \text{if } x < 0 \,;\\

x & \text{otherwise} \,. \\

\end{cases}

\begin{alignat}{2}

\min_x \quad & f(x) & \\

\mathrm{s.t.} \quad & g_i(x) \le 0, &\quad i = 1, 2, \ldots, m \,, \nonumber \\

& h_j(x) = 0, &\quad j = 1, 2, \ldots, n \,. \nonumber

\end{alignat}

\usepackage{amsthm}

\begin{proof}

Trivial.

\end{proof}

Oetiker, Tobias, et al. "The not so short introduction to LATEX 2ε." (2001).